Cotton root is a very important organ, and only through it can carry out material exchange with the aboveground parts. The growth and development of roots will directly affect the aboveground part of cotton and its yield. The main function of the cotton root system is to support the above ground part of the cotton and absorb water and nutrients, and thus the growth status of the cotton root system directly affects the growth and development of the aboveground part and the level of output. Different irrigation methods can affect the growth and development of cotton root system and its spatial and temporal distribution in soil, and then affect the absorption of water and nutrients by cotton. Root analysis can generally be performed using a root analysis system, for which reason research on crops is very important.

Cotton root is a straight root system consisting of main roots, lateral roots, branch roots, and fine roots, and its distribution is inverted conical. The main root of cotton grows from the radicle, and when the main root lengthens to 12. m is about 5 meters away from the ground surface. m lateral roots began to occur. Lateral roots were further rooted, roots were further fine roots, and roots were rooted. Through the study of the root system, the growth of the root system, the seedling stage and the storage period are fast. The seedling stage is the root development period, and the growth rate of the main root is faster than that of the aboveground part, which can reach more than 3 times. After budding, the growth of the lateral roots is accelerated during the vigorous growth of the root system; the peak period of root absorption is reached during the flowering period, and the growth of the root hair is very high. Exuberant, but the growth of the main and lateral roots began to weaken; to the boll opening stage, the physiological function of the root system gradually declined. The distribution of root groups in different periods was different. The seedling stage distribution was shallow. The amount of roots in the soil layer below 40 cm was only 1.7% of the total root volume at the beginning of bud stage. The root system developed rapidly after bud emergence and reached the initial flowering stage. Up to 100. Around m, the root system of flowering and bolling period continues to lower and reaches a depth of up to 140 cm. During the opening period, although the total root volume still has an increasing trend, there are few root systems.

Root analysis system analysis found that there was no significant difference in soil distribution between roots of conventional drenched cotton plants and drip-irrigated cotton roots, and they were all distributed between 10 and 35. In the range of m, the conventional ditch-irrigated cotton plants had less roots, fine and yellow, and the roots of drip-irrigated cotton plants were numerous, fine and white. Therefore, the conventional root coefficient of irrigation is smaller than that of drip irrigation under the membrane, while the total weight of the root system, the weight of the main root, and the weight of the lateral root are all larger than the conventional irrigation. The planar geometrical configuration of the conventional furrow irrigation cotton root system in the soil is "vertical section umbrella type" or "fan type". The roots of cotton drip irrigation under the membrane showed a very asymmetrical configuration. As a method of cotton drip irrigation, plough layer subsurface drip irrigation forms a unique double root system in root distribution. The first layer root system is more and more thin, mainly distributed in 10~20. m; The second layer of roots is strong, white and tender, and is basically covered with 25~42cm soil layer. Because of this double-layered root structure, plough-layer drip irrigation has good resistance to sudden high-temperature weather, and it has the advantage of low rate of physiological flower bell drop in the middle and later stages of cotton.

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