23 June, 2022

Ports are busy hubs of global trade, where the efficient movement of goods is essential. To handle heavy cargo, such as containers and bulk materials, various types of cranes are used. These machines are designed to lift and move massive loads from ships to land and vice versa. They rely on advanced systems like cables, pulleys, and hoists to ensure safe and effective operations. Understanding the different types of port cranes can help in choosing the right equipment for specific tasks.

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What are the different types of port cranes?

Port cranes come in many varieties, each designed for specific tasks. From container handling to bulk loading, these machines play a crucial role in ensuring smooth port operations. Below is a list of some of the most common types of port cranes and their key features.
  1. Panamax Cranes
  2. Post Panamax
  3. Super Post Panamax
  4. Floating Cranes
  5. Bulk Handling Cranes
  6. Gantry Cranes
  7. Hammerhead Cranes
  8. Tower Cranes
  9. Deck Cranes
  10. Rough Terrain Cranes
  11. Overhead Cranes

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Panamax Cranes

Panamax cranes are named after the Panama Canal, which they were originally designed to service. These cranes have a lifting capacity of up to 40–50 tons in a single lift and 65 tons in a double lift. Their reach extends up to 30 meters with a lifting height of 36–38 meters. With speeds of 50–125 meters per minute, these cranes are ideal for container handling in medium-sized ports.

Post Panamax

Post Panamax cranes are larger than their Panamax counterparts and are designed to handle the latest generation of container ships. They can lift up to 16 containers at once, with a maximum lifting height of 45 meters. Their lifting speed ranges from 60–150 meters per minute, making them more efficient for larger vessels.

Super Post Panamax

These are the largest cranes currently used in major ports. They can handle up to 65 tonnes in a double lift and have a lifting height of 53 meters. Super Post Panamax cranes are equipped with high-speed trolleys and strong wheel loads, making them ideal for deep-sea container terminals.

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Floating Cranes

Floating cranes are mounted on barges or specialized vessels and are used for heavy lifting in harbors, shipyards, and even for salvaging sunken ships. They can lift over 10,000 tonnes and offer flexibility due to their mobility. Common types include semi-submersible and sheer leg cranes.

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Bulk-Handling Cranes

Bulk-handling cranes are used to manage large volumes of loose materials like coal, grain, and gravel. They use grab buckets or other attachments to load and unload cargo efficiently. These cranes are often mobile or fixed and can handle up to 2,300 tonnes per hour, making them essential in bulk cargo ports.

Gantry Cranes

Gantry cranes are versatile and widely used in industrial and port settings. They consist of two vertical legs connected by a horizontal beam and are typically operated via a trolley. Gantry cranes can be mobile or fixed and are ideal for moving heavy objects in confined spaces.

Hammerhead Cranes

Hammerhead cranes are known for their long jib and unique design. They are commonly found in container terminals and are ideal for handling large containers. Their extended jib allows for greater reach and balance during lifting operations.

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Tower Cranes

Tower cranes are tall, fixed cranes used primarily in construction and port environments. They provide excellent lifting capacity and height, making them suitable for lifting heavy containers and building structures. Some tower cranes can reach heights of over 1,000 meters.

Deck Cranes

Deck cranes are installed on ships and are used for loading and unloading cargo. They are especially useful in areas without dedicated port facilities. Most deck cranes are hydraulic and can be powered by electric or diesel systems.

Rough Terrain Cranes

Designed for off-road use, rough terrain cranes are built to operate on uneven ground. They feature outriggers for stability and are powered by a single engine that drives both the winch and undercarriage. These cranes are ideal for construction sites and remote locations.

Overhead Cranes

Overhead cranes, also known as suspended cranes, are commonly used in factories and shipyards. They consist of a trolley that moves along beams and can lift heavy loads. These cranes are highly efficient for repetitive lifting tasks in controlled environments.

elebia Hooks, the right solution for ports

For port operators, having reliable crane hooks is essential. Elebia offers a wide range of high-quality crane hooks, including the popular evo2 and evo5-evo25 models. These hooks are designed for durability, precision, and safety in demanding environments. The elebia automated hook suite includes swivels with bearings for smooth operation and adjustable release limits for enhanced control. With corrosion-resistant coatings and robust steel construction, these hooks are built to last. Whether you're working with Panamax, Post Panamax, or other crane types, Elebia provides the perfect solution for your lifting needs.

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